Ethics of scientific publications

I. Introduction

The journal “Bulletin of the Dagestan State Medical Academy” publishes articles of scientific and practical content, reviews, lectures, clinical observations, information materials, reviews, discussions, information about the scientific life of the university, congratulations to anniversaries. The publishing house of the journal “Bulletin of the Dagestan State Medical Academy” maintains a neutral position on all problems published in the journale.
The publishing house of the journal “Bulletin of the Dagestan State Medical Academy” strives to comply with the standards of ethical behavior at all stages of the publication process, carefully following the principles of publication in scientific journals, in accordance with the provisions of authoritative associations, such as Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) (https://publicationethics.org/ ), World Association of Medical Editors (WAME) (http://www.wame.org/), Council of Science Editors (CSE), International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) (http://www.icmje.org/), European Medical Writers Association (EMWA) (https://www.emwa.org /), The European Association of Science Editors (EASE) (http://www.ease.org.uk/), < strong>Association of Scientific Editors and Publishers (ANRI) (http://rasep.ru/).
The editors and publisher of the journal adhere to the developed norms of CSE scientific editors (https://writing.wisc.edu/Handbook/DocCSE. html) and “Editorial Policy Statements » (http://www.councilscienceeditors.org/resource-library/editorial-policies/) , which cover the responsibilities and rights of editors of peer-reviewed journals.
The publisher not only invests in the work of the journal, but also assumes responsibility for the supervision of scientific materials and is responsible for compliance with all modern recommendations in published works.
The author of the publication, the journal editor, reviewer, scientific editors and the publisher who owns the journal are required to comply with ethical standards at all stages of publication, from submission of the article to its publication in the journal.

II. Editor’s Responsibilities

The editor of the journal “Bulletin of the Dagestan State Medical Academy” is responsible for making the decision on publication. The credibility of the work under review and its scientific significance should always form the basis of the decision to publish.
The editor must objectively and fairly evaluate the content of manuscripts without discrimination based on gender, sexual orientation, religious or political beliefs, ethnicity or geographical origin of the authors.
All submitted articles must be objectively assessed by the editor in terms of their scientific significance without any commercial influence.
The editor and the Editorial Board of the journal “Bulletin of the Dagestan State Medical Academy” are obliged not to unnecessarily disclose information about the accepted manuscript to all persons, with the exception of the Authors, Reviewers, Scientific Advisors and the Publisher.
Unpublished data obtained from manuscripts submitted for consideration cannot be used in personal research without the written consent of the Author. Information or ideas obtained during the review process related to possible benefits must be kept confidential and not used for personal gain.
Reviewers, scientific advisors, and the editor must recuse themselves from reviewing manuscripts if there are conflicts of interest due to competitive, collaborative, or other interactions and relationships with the Authors, companies, and possibly other organizations associated with the manuscript.
The editor who provides convincing evidence that the statements or conclusions presented in the publication are erroneous must report this to the Publisher for the purpose of prompt notification of changes, withdrawal of the publication, expression of concern and other appropriate statements.
The Editor, together with the Publisher, takes adequate response measures in the event of ethical claims relating to the reviewed manuscripts or published materials. Such measures generally include interaction with the authors of the manuscript and the argumentation of the relevant complaint or demand, but may also involve interaction with relevant organizations and research centers.
The editor must consider all complaints and contradictions in accordance with the policy of the scientific society. The author must be given the opportunity to respond to any complaints and justify any contradictions. All complaints must be addressed regardless of when the publication was approved. All documentation related in one way or another to complaints must be retained.

III. Reviewer Responsibilities

Reviewing helps the Editor make decisions about publication and through appropriate interaction with the Author and can also help the Author improve the quality of the work.
To contribute to the decision-making process regarding the appropriateness of publication of an article and to help improve the quality of the article, the reviewer must act objectively and in a timely manner. Personal criticism of the Author is unacceptable. Reviewers should express their opinions clearly and reasonably.
Any selected Reviewer who feels insufficiently qualified to review the manuscript or does not have enough time to quickly complete the work must notify the Editor of the journal “Bulletin of the Dagestan State Medical Academy” and ask to be excluded from the review process of the corresponding manuscript.
Any manuscript received for review should be treated as a confidential document. This work must not be opened or discussed with any persons not authorized by the Editor.
Unpublished data obtained from manuscripts submitted for consideration cannot be used in personal research without the written consent of the Author. Information or ideas obtained during the review process related to possible benefits must be kept confidential and not used for personal gain. The reviewer should not keep a copy of the article.
Reviewers should identify relevant published work that is relevant to the topic and not included in the manuscript’s bibliography. Any statement (observation, conclusion, or argument) previously published must have an appropriate bibliographic reference in the manuscript. The Reviewer should also bring to the Editor’s attention any significant similarity or overlap between the manuscript under review and any other published work within the Reviewer’s area of expertise.
It is necessary to warn the editor about materials previously published in this or another publication, if any.
The reviewer is obliged to warn the editor and, if necessary, transfer the article to another reviewer in case of a potential conflict of interest (financial, organizational or other relationship between the reviewer and the author).
In his work, the reviewer is guided by “Singapore Research Integrity Regulation” (http://www.singaporestatement.org/downloads/singpore%20statement_A4size.pdf).

IV. Author’s responsibilities

Authors of an article about original research must provide accurate and complete information described in the article, as well as an objective discussion of the significance of the study. The data underlying the work must be presented accurately. The work must contain sufficient detail and bibliographical references for possible reproduction. False or obviously erroneous statements are considered unethical behavior and are unacceptable.
Raw data relevant to the manuscript may be requested from Authors for review by the Editors. Authors should be willing to provide open access to this type of information (in accordance with the ALPSP-STM Statement on Data and Databases), if feasible, and in any case be willing to retain this data for an adequate period of time after publication.
The author does not have the right to submit one article for publication in several scientific publications. Submitting the same manuscript to more than one journal at the same time is perceived as unethical behavior and is unacceptable. The contributions of others should always be acknowledged. Authors should cite publications that are relevant to the work presented. Data obtained in private, such as through conversation, correspondence or discussion with third parties, should not be used or presented without the express written permission of the original source. Information obtained from confidential sources, such as manuscript evaluation or grant awards, should not be used without the express written permission of the Authors of the work related to confidential sources.
If information that was previously published is used in the article, the author must indicate the source and author of the quoted information. In addition, the author is required to provide the editor with a copy of the cited article.
The author must confirm that his article is original and indicate the sources of cited information, if any, in order to obtain permission to link to the work of other authors.
Plagiarism can come in many forms, from presenting someone else’s work as original, to copying or paraphrasing significant parts of someone else’s work (without attribution), to claiming ownership of someone else’s research. Plagiarism in all forms is unethical and unacceptable
The authors of a publication can only be persons who have made a significant contribution to the conception of the work, development, execution or interpretation of the presented research. All those who have made significant contributions should be designated as Contributors. Where research participants have made significant contributions in a particular area of the research project, they should be listed as significant contributors to that research.
The author is responsible for compliance with national and local laws when conducting research involving humans and animals (e.g. WMA Declaration of Helsinki(downloaded); NIH Animal Research Policy; EU Animal Research Directive) (https://policymanual.nih.gov /3040-2). The author must obtain permission to publish from the person(s) who participated in the study and maintain confidentiality.
It is necessary to declare a potential conflict of interest (for example, competing interests that, in his opinion, may have a direct or indirect impact on the publication process). Authors are required to disclose in their manuscripts any financial or other existing conflicts of interest that could be perceived as influencing the results or conclusions presented in the work. Examples of potential conflicts of interest that must be disclosed include employment, consulting, stock ownership, receipt of honoraria, provision of expert testimony, patent application or patent registration, grants and other financial support. Potential conflicts of interest should be disclosed as early as possible.
If a significant error is identified in a publication, the author must immediately notify the editor. Throughout the publication process, the author must cooperate with the editor and publisher, adding, subtracting, and correcting the article as necessary. If the Editor or Publisher has received information from a third party that the publication contains significant errors, the Author is obliged to withdraw the work or correct the errors as soon as possible.
The author takes full responsibility for possible plagiarism of text, drawings, etc. Any copyright violation will be considered in accordance with COPE algorithm (https://publicationethics.org/files/ u7140/plagiarism%20A.pdf).

V.PROCEDURE FOR REVIEWING DEVIATIONS FROM ESTABLISHED ETHICAL STANDARDS

Identification of ethical deviation

Illegal or unethical behavior may be identified and brought to the attention of the editor-in-chief and publisher at any stage of the publication process.
Anyone who informs an editor or publisher of ethical deviations must provide sufficient information and evidence. All applications and appeals will be accepted, reviewed and processed

Investigation

The decision to conduct an investigation is made by the editor, who, if necessary, can seek assistance from the publisher.
It is necessary to collect evidence while avoiding any accusations.

Degree of deviation from ethical standards

Minor deviations from ethical standards. Reviews of minor deviations do not require the consultation of a large number of specialists, and in any case the author should be given the opportunity to respond to any allegations.
Serious deviations from ethical standards. In case of serious deviations, the accused’s employer must be notified. The editor, together with the publisher or scientific society, decides whether the employer should be involved, or the investigation is carried out by examining the available data, consulting with a limited number of experts.

Consequences(in order of increasing deviations; can be applied separately or in combination):

Indication to the author or reviewer of deviations.
A formal letter to the author or reviewer indicating deviations in order to prevent deviations from ethical standards in his subsequent articles.
Publication of an official warning detailing the deviations.
Publication of an article detailing deviations.
Formal letter to the author’s supervisor, reviewer, or funding department.
Official refusal to publish, as well as official notification to the author’s supervisor, the review department, the indexing and abstracting agency, and the readers of the publication.
Publication ban for a given author for a specified period of time.
Transfer of investigation results to higher organizations for making further decisions on these deviations.

VI. WITHDRAWAL OF ARTICLES

Withdrawal of an already published article is a last resort and is used in the event of discovery of facts that were not known during the review:

identifying facts of violation of the law and defamation;
detecting false or inaccurate data, especially those whose use may pose a health risk.

Mechanism for withdrawing an article.

Authors, readers, reviewers, editors and publishing houses can initiate the withdrawal of an article by writing to the editorial office of the journal.
The journal’s Conflict Resolution Commission reviews the received appeal.
The decision to withdraw a published article is made by the journal’s conflict resolution commission if there are sufficient facts in favor of the withdrawal.
The Conflict Resolution Commission notifies the initiator of the withdrawal of the article about the results of consideration of the appeal in writing.
If the commission decides to withdraw an article, the journal publishes information that the article has been withdrawn indicating the metadata of the article.
If articles from the journal are indexed by any databases, a letter is sent to these databases stating that the article has been withdrawn indicating the reasons for the withdrawal.

VII. BORROWING AND PLAGIARISM

When considering an article, the editorial board of the journal can check the material using the Antiplagiarism system (go to antiplagiarism). In case of detection of numerous borrowings, the editors act in accordance with the rules COPE (https://publicationethics.org/files/u7140/plagiarism%20A.pdf).

VIII. Publisher’s Responsibilities

The publisher of the journal “Bulletin of the Dagestan State Medical Academy” – the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Dagestan State Medical University” of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation follows the principles and procedures that facilitate the fulfillment of ethical responsibilities by the Editors, Reviewers and Authors of the journal in accordance with these requirements.
The Publisher must provide support to the Editor of the journal “Bulletin of the Dagestan State Medical Academy” in considering claims regarding the ethical aspects of published materials and help interact with other journals and/or Publishing Houses if this contributes to the performance of the duties of the Editor.
The publisher shall promote good research practices and implement industry standards to improve ethical guidelines, retraction and correction procedures.
The publisher must provide appropriate specialized legal support (opinion or advice) if necessary.